The Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC), occurring between approximately 5.97 and 5.33 million years ago, represents a watershed moment in Earth’s geological history. This event is marked by the almost ...

A dramatic and cataclysmic event occurred over 5 million years ago, when water from the Atlantic Ocean surged through the Strait of Gibraltar, filling the Mediterranean Sea. This event, known as the ...

Is it possible for you to survive in the Late Miocene Epoch? In the Late Miocene Epoch, tectonic forces uplifted the Earth's crust, blocking off the Mediterranean Sea from the Atlantic Ocean. A ...

Some 6.2 million years ago, the Red Sea basin was not recognizable as the deep blue waters of the ocean it is now. Instead, it was a desolate wasteland, cut off from Earth’s oceans, and inundated by ...

The Dead Sea is an extraordinary natural laboratory, providing rare insights into the formation of large-scale salt formations known as salt giants. A recent study led by UC Santa Barbara’s Eckart ...