From simple transistors to complex systems, this article explains the building blocks of digital logic design. Learn how ...

A layout-dependent circuit-design model from Toshiba helps boost gate density and improve cost-performance in next-generation 45-nm CMOS technology. More specifically, 45-nm CMOS gate density can be 2 ...

Low power design has become a cornerstone of modern integrated circuit development, driven by energy efficiency demands and the challenges of scaling in nanometre technologies. Innovations in ...

Current-Mode Logic (CML) and low-power Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) technology continue to drive significant advances in digital circuit design, particularly in high-speed and energy ...

Any typical digital design style with CMOS uses complementary pairs of p-type and n-type MOSFETs for logic functions implementation. Naturally, CMOS always ought to provide INVERTED outputs like ...

Despite massive, large-scale integration being ubiquitous in contemporary electronic design, discrete MOSFETs in the classic CMOS totem pole topology are still sometimes indispensable. This makes tips ...

Fig 1. A typical CMOS input circuit comprises a “P” and “N” transistor. One is fully “on” for logic high, and the other is “on” for a logic low. Fig 2. When a CMOS input pin is at logic high or low ...

The trend of CMOS technology improvement continues to be driven by the need to integrate more functions within a given silicon area. In this paper, the authors describe Intel’s 45nm technology ...

With advances in CMOS technology and the scaling of transistor channel lengths to nanometer (nm) dimensions, the density of digital circuits per unit area of silicon has increased as has the process ...

Abstract— Multipliers are crucial components in processors and arithmetic logic units. The performance of microsystems, microcontrollers, and DSP processors is often evaluated based on the number of ...