A new study highlights the key role the Southern Ocean plays in the Earth’s climate system. Around 12,000 years ago, the last ...

The story of how the last Ice Age ended is being rewritten from the bottom up, as new records etched into the sea floor ...

Scientists trace ancient deep-sea changes in the Southern Ocean to explain how rising CO₂ helped warm Earth after the last Ice Age.

December 2025 / Kiel. A study by an international team involving the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel shows that the expansion of Antarctic Bottom Water during a major warming phase ...

Around 12,000 years ago, the last Ice Age ended, global temperatures rose and the early Holocene began, during which time human societies became increasingly settled. A new study published in Nature ...