Figure 1: The Rayleigh test for phase directionality. A simple system, consistent with the above observations, is obtained by making the threshold in equation (2) dependent on obliquity: Figure 2: ...

The extraordinary activity at Enceladus’ warm south pole indicates the presence of an internal global or local reservoir of liquid water beneath the surface. While Tyler (2009, 2011) has suggested ...

The six-degree obliquity of the sun suggests that either an asymmetry was present in the solar system’s formation environment, or an external torque has misaligned the angular momentum vectors of the ...

Bryan Nelson is a science writer and award-winning documentary filmmaker with over a decade of experience covering technology, astronomy, medicine, animals, and more. Climate science is complicated ...

Earth's climate has swung between ice ages and warmer periods for millions of years, driven by subtle changes in our planet's ...

The moon has long been viewed as a crucial component in creating an environment suitable for the evolution of complex life on Earth, but a number of scientific results in recent years have shown that ...